# encoding: ascii
# api: powershell
# title: Set-SecureAutoLogon
# description: This code does the same thing as Sysinternals AutoLogon.exe. However this allows for automation of the task.
# version: 0.1
# type: function
# author: Andy Arismendi
# license: CC0
# x-poshcode-id: 2982
# x-archived: 2016-10-24T23:44:30
# x-published: 2011-09-29T21:29:00
#
#
[cmdletbinding()]
param (
	[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [string]
	$Username,

	[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)] [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()] [System.Security.SecureString]
	$Password,
	
	[string]
	$Domain,
	
	[Int]
	$AutoLogonCount,
	
	[switch]
	$RemoveLegalPrompt,
	
	[System.IO.FileInfo]
	$BackupFile
)

begin {
	
	[string] $WinlogonPath = "HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon"
	[string] $WinlogonBannerPolicyPath = "HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System"

	[string] $Enable = 1
	[string] $Disable = 0
	
	#region C# Code to P-invoke LSA LsaStorePrivateData function.
	Add-Type @"
		using System;
		using System.Collections.Generic;
		using System.Text;
		using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

		namespace ComputerSystem
		{
		    public class LSAutil
		    {
		        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
		        private struct LSA_UNICODE_STRING
		        {
		            public UInt16 Length;
		            public UInt16 MaximumLength;
		            public IntPtr Buffer;
		        }

		        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
		        private struct LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES
		        {
		            public int Length;
		            public IntPtr RootDirectory;
		            public LSA_UNICODE_STRING ObjectName;
		            public uint Attributes;
		            public IntPtr SecurityDescriptor;
		            public IntPtr SecurityQualityOfService;
		        }

		        private enum LSA_AccessPolicy : long
		        {
		            POLICY_VIEW_LOCAL_INFORMATION = 0x00000001L,
		            POLICY_VIEW_AUDIT_INFORMATION = 0x00000002L,
		            POLICY_GET_PRIVATE_INFORMATION = 0x00000004L,
		            POLICY_TRUST_ADMIN = 0x00000008L,
		            POLICY_CREATE_ACCOUNT = 0x00000010L,
		            POLICY_CREATE_SECRET = 0x00000020L,
		            POLICY_CREATE_PRIVILEGE = 0x00000040L,
		            POLICY_SET_DEFAULT_QUOTA_LIMITS = 0x00000080L,
		            POLICY_SET_AUDIT_REQUIREMENTS = 0x00000100L,
		            POLICY_AUDIT_LOG_ADMIN = 0x00000200L,
		            POLICY_SERVER_ADMIN = 0x00000400L,
		            POLICY_LOOKUP_NAMES = 0x00000800L,
		            POLICY_NOTIFICATION = 0x00001000L
		        }

		        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true, PreserveSig = true)]
		        private static extern uint LsaRetrievePrivateData(
		                    IntPtr PolicyHandle,
		                    ref LSA_UNICODE_STRING KeyName,
		                    out IntPtr PrivateData
		        );

		        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true, PreserveSig = true)]
		        private static extern uint LsaStorePrivateData(
		                IntPtr policyHandle,
		                ref LSA_UNICODE_STRING KeyName,
		                ref LSA_UNICODE_STRING PrivateData
		        );

		        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true, PreserveSig = true)]
		        private static extern uint LsaOpenPolicy(
		            ref LSA_UNICODE_STRING SystemName,
		            ref LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES ObjectAttributes,
		            uint DesiredAccess,
		            out IntPtr PolicyHandle
		        );

		        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true, PreserveSig = true)]
		        private static extern uint LsaNtStatusToWinError(
		            uint status
		        );

		        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true, PreserveSig = true)]
		        private static extern uint LsaClose(
		            IntPtr policyHandle
		        );

		        [DllImport("advapi32.dll", SetLastError = true, PreserveSig = true)]
		        private static extern uint LsaFreeMemory(
		            IntPtr buffer
		        );

		        private LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES objectAttributes;
		        private LSA_UNICODE_STRING localsystem;
		        private LSA_UNICODE_STRING secretName;

		        public LSAutil(string key)
		        {
		            if (key.Length == 0)
		            {
		                throw new Exception("Key lenght zero");
		            }

		            objectAttributes = new LSA_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES();
		            objectAttributes.Length = 0;
		            objectAttributes.RootDirectory = IntPtr.Zero;
		            objectAttributes.Attributes = 0;
		            objectAttributes.SecurityDescriptor = IntPtr.Zero;
		            objectAttributes.SecurityQualityOfService = IntPtr.Zero;

		            localsystem = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING();
		            localsystem.Buffer = IntPtr.Zero;
		            localsystem.Length = 0;
		            localsystem.MaximumLength = 0;

		            secretName = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING();
		            secretName.Buffer = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(key);
		            secretName.Length = (UInt16)(key.Length * UnicodeEncoding.CharSize);
		            secretName.MaximumLength = (UInt16)((key.Length + 1) * UnicodeEncoding.CharSize);
		        }

		        private IntPtr GetLsaPolicy(LSA_AccessPolicy access)
		        {
		            IntPtr LsaPolicyHandle;

		            uint ntsResult = LsaOpenPolicy(ref this.localsystem, ref this.objectAttributes, (uint)access, out LsaPolicyHandle);

		            uint winErrorCode = LsaNtStatusToWinError(ntsResult);
		            if (winErrorCode != 0)
		            {
		                throw new Exception("LsaOpenPolicy failed: " + winErrorCode);
		            }

		            return LsaPolicyHandle;
		        }

		        private static void ReleaseLsaPolicy(IntPtr LsaPolicyHandle)
		        {
		            uint ntsResult = LsaClose(LsaPolicyHandle);
		            uint winErrorCode = LsaNtStatusToWinError(ntsResult);
		            if (winErrorCode != 0)
		            {
		                throw new Exception("LsaClose failed: " + winErrorCode);
		            }
		        }

		        public void SetSecret(string value)
		        {
		            LSA_UNICODE_STRING lusSecretData = new LSA_UNICODE_STRING();

		            if (value.Length > 0)
		            {
		                //Create data and key
		                lusSecretData.Buffer = Marshal.StringToHGlobalUni(value);
		                lusSecretData.Length = (UInt16)(value.Length * UnicodeEncoding.CharSize);
		                lusSecretData.MaximumLength = (UInt16)((value.Length + 1) * UnicodeEncoding.CharSize);
		            }
		            else
		            {
		                //Delete data and key
		                lusSecretData.Buffer = IntPtr.Zero;
		                lusSecretData.Length = 0;
		                lusSecretData.MaximumLength = 0;
		            }

		            IntPtr LsaPolicyHandle = GetLsaPolicy(LSA_AccessPolicy.POLICY_CREATE_SECRET);
		            uint result = LsaStorePrivateData(LsaPolicyHandle, ref secretName, ref lusSecretData);
		            ReleaseLsaPolicy(LsaPolicyHandle);

		            uint winErrorCode = LsaNtStatusToWinError(result);
		            if (winErrorCode != 0)
		            {
		                throw new Exception("StorePrivateData failed: " + winErrorCode);
		            }
		        }
		    }
		}
"@
	#endregion
}

process {

	try {
		$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
		
		$decryptedPass = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto(
			[Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($Password)
		)

		if ($BackupFile) {
				# Initialize the hash table with a string comparer to allow case sensitive keys.
				# This allows differentiation between the winlogon and system policy logon banner strings.
			$OrigionalSettings = New-Object System.Collections.Hashtable ([system.stringcomparer]::CurrentCulture)
			
			$OrigionalSettings.AutoAdminLogon = (Get-ItemProperty $WinlogonPath ).AutoAdminLogon
			$OrigionalSettings.ForceAutoLogon = (Get-ItemProperty $WinlogonPath).ForceAutoLogon
			$OrigionalSettings.DefaultUserName = (Get-ItemProperty $WinlogonPath).DefaultUserName
			$OrigionalSettings.DefaultDomainName = (Get-ItemProperty $WinlogonPath).DefaultDomainName
			$OrigionalSettings.DefaultPassword = (Get-ItemProperty $WinlogonPath).DefaultPassword
			$OrigionalSettings.AutoLogonCount = (Get-ItemProperty $WinlogonPath).AutoLogonCount
			
				# The winlogon logon banner settings.
			$OrigionalSettings.LegalNoticeCaption = (Get-ItemProperty $WinlogonPath).LegalNoticeCaption
			$OrigionalSettings.LegalNoticeText = (Get-ItemProperty $WinlogonPath).LegalNoticeText
			
				# The system policy logon banner settings.
			$OrigionalSettings.legalnoticecaption = (Get-ItemProperty $WinlogonBannerPolicyPath).legalnoticecaption
			$OrigionalSettings.legalnoticetext = (Get-ItemProperty $WinlogonBannerPolicyPath).legalnoticetext
			
			$OrigionalSettings | Export-Clixml -Depth 10 -Path $BackupFile
		}
		
			# Store the password securely.
		$lsaUtil = New-Object ComputerSystem.LSAutil -ArgumentList "DefaultPassword"
		$lsaUtil.SetSecret($decryptedPass)

			# Store the autologon registry settings.
		Set-ItemProperty -Path $WinlogonPath -Name AutoAdminLogon -Value $Enable -Force

		Set-ItemProperty -Path $WinlogonPath -Name DefaultUserName -Value $Username -Force
		Set-ItemProperty -Path $WinlogonPath -Name DefaultDomainName -Value $Domain -Force

		if ($AutoLogonCount) {
			Set-ItemProperty -Path $WinlogonPath -Name AutoLogonCount -Value $AutoLogonCount -Force
		} else {
			Remove-ItemProperty -Path $WinlogonPath -Name AutoLogonCount -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
		}

		if ($RemoveLegalPrompt) {
			Set-ItemProperty -Path $WinlogonPath -Name LegalNoticeCaption -Value $null -Force
			Set-ItemProperty -Path $WinlogonPath -Name LegalNoticeText -Value $null -Force
			
			Set-ItemProperty -Path $WinlogonBannerPolicyPath -Name legalnoticecaption -Value $null -Force
			Set-ItemProperty -Path $WinlogonBannerPolicyPath -Name legalnoticetext -Value $null -Force
		}
	} catch {
		throw 'Failed to set auto logon. The error was: "{0}".' -f $_
	}

}

<#
	.SYNOPSIS
		Enables auto logon using the specified username and password.

	.PARAMETER  Username
		The username of the user to automatically logon as.

	.PARAMETER  Password
		The password for the user to automatically logon as.
		
	.PARAMETER  Domain
		The domain of the user to automatically logon as.
		
	.PARAMETER  AutoLogonCount
		The number of logons that auto logon will be enabled.
		
	.PARAMETER  RemoveLegalPrompt
		Removes the system banner to ensure interventionless logon.
		
	.PARAMETER  BackupFile
		If specified the existing settings such as the system banner text will be backed up to the specified file.

	.EXAMPLE
		PS C:\> Set-SecureAutoLogon `
				-Username $env:USERNAME `
				-Password (Read-Host -AsSecureString) `
				-AutoLogonCount 2 `
				-RemoveLegalPrompt `
				-BackupFile "C:\WinlogonBackup.xml"

	.INPUTS
		None.

	.OUTPUTS
		None.

	.NOTES
		Revision History:
			2011-04-19 : Andy Arismendi - Created.
			2011-09-29 : Andy Arismendi - Changed to use LSA secrets to store password securely.

	.LINK
		http://support.microsoft.com/kb/324737
		
	.LINK
		http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa378750

#>
